参考
<font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、假如已经安装了避雷针，还需要电涌防护器吗？</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"><font size="4"> 还需要。避雷针是不能替代电涌防护器的。避雷针把直击雷产生的大部分有害能量从建筑物外分流入地，从而可以避免建筑物起火或爆炸。但是雷击可以产生巨大的磁场，并在电源线和数据线上产生强大的过电压。这就是所谓感应现象。如果这时已经安装了高质量的电涌防护器，建筑物内的敏感电气设备就可以受到保护。但是如果安装了低质量的电涌防护器或没有安装，设备仍会被毁坏。这种实例很多，这里不再一一列举。</font></span><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/>2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、电源线保护器（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">SPD</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">）与数据线保护器（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">DLP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">）有何区别？仅安装一种是否可以起到防护作用？</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"><font size="4"> 电涌不仅会通过电源线，还会通过数据线损坏设备。任何与电源连接的电气设备均会被通过电源线的电涌损坏。与调制解调器或计算机网络连接的设备，同样需要数据线电涌防护器来防止电涌的破坏。</font></span><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/>3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、如何选择电涌防护器的型号和安装位置？</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 最大的电涌产生在建筑物外，由雷电和电力公司切换负载所致，这种感应电涌可沿电力线传输，进入建筑物内。因此，应在建筑物入口处安装电涌防护器。单一的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">电涌防护器，安装在建筑物电力入口处，将保护整个建筑内的电气设备免受这些来自外部电涌的损坏。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的电涌防护器有不同的型号，如何正确的选用电涌防护器的型号，基本有三</span></font> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"><font size="5">点，供参考：</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><font size="5"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、可根据变压器的大小：通常，变压器的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">KVA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">越大，该电力线经受的电涌会越大。如果变压器的容量在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">750KVA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">以上，使用一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">chinaspdT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">较为合适。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><font size="5"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、是否处于高雷区：中国的主要城市，如北京、上海、广州都被认为处在高雷区。在高雷区中，如果建筑物本身不高并处在低海拔区，则受雷击的可能性远低于山顶部的高建筑。中国有记录的最大雷击放电超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">140kA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">。因此，高雷区的建筑入口处的配电盘至少应安装一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">160kA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的电涌防护器；低海拔区或受直击雷可能性较小的地区，可安装</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">125kA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">或更小的电涌防护器。</span></font><font size="5"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、可根据被保护设备的价值和被保护设备需要连续在线工作的重要性：越是贵重的设备，越需要可靠的保护装置。在高雷区，即使是一台设备，倘若它非常关键、价值很高，采用一台防护终端来保护它，也是值得的。美国有统计表明：银行由于设备网络故障，每小时的停机就造成几百万美元的经济损失。我国银行计算机网络故障停机是经常性的，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">50</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">％的故障停机可归结为电涌的干扰。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">14)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">如果在建筑物入口处安装了电涌防护器，在建筑物内部，是否还需要安装其他的电涌防护器？</span></font><font size="5"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">在建筑物主配电盘的入口处，一台型号合适、安装合理的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">电涌防护器可安全地保护建筑物内部所有的设备，包括</span></font> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">雷电在内的免受建筑物外产生的电涌的干扰。但是，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">80</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">％的电涌来自建筑物内，如升降机的马达、空调机、激光打印机、复印机等；为处理这些由内部大型设备造成的这些电涌，建议在给被保护设备供电的分支配电盘或本地配电盘处安装浪涌保护器。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/><br/>4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、如果在建筑物入口处安装了电涌防护器，在建筑物内部是否还需要安装其他的电涌防护器？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 在建筑物主配电盘的入口处，一台型号合适、安装合理的电涌防护器可安全地保护建筑物内部所有的设备，包括雷电在内的免受建筑物外产生的电涌的干扰。但是，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">80</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">％的电涌来自建筑物内，如升降机的马达、空调机、激光打印机、复印机等；为处理这些由内部大型设备造成的这些电涌，建议在给被保护设备供电的分支配电盘或本地配电盘处安装</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">CHINASPD80</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">CHINASPD40</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/>5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、在恶劣的电源条件下，压敏电阻能长期保持有效吗？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 在以往的应用中，跨接在电源线上的压敏电阻器出现过起火燃烧，危机临近其它元器件的事故。对此，制造者和使用者共同进行了大量研究和分析工作，采取了相应的对策，极大地降低了这类事故的概率，但尚未杜绝，因此，压敏电阻的使用安全性仍是个值得重视、需要继续研究解决的课题。压敏电阻起火燃烧的表观现象，大体上可分为老化失效</span> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">和暂态过电压破坏两种类型：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">①</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">老化失效，这是指电阻体的低阻线性化逐步加剧，漏电流恶性增加且集中流入薄弱点，薄弱点材料融化，形成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1kΩ</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">左右的短路孔后，电源继续推动一个较大的电流灌入短路点，形成高热而起火。这种事故通常可以通过一个与压敏电阻串联的热熔接点来避免。热熔接点应与电阻体有良好的热耦合，当最大冲击电流流过时不会断开，但当温度超过电阻体上限工作温度时即断开。研究结果表明，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">若压敏电阻存在着制造缺陷，易发生早期失效，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">强度不大的电冲击的多次作用，也会加速老化过程，使老化失效提早出现。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">②</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">暂态过电压破坏，这是指较强的暂态过电压使电阻体穿孔，导致更大的电流而高热起火。整个过程在较短时间内发生，以至电阻体上设置的热熔接点来不及熔断。在三相电源保护中，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">N-PE</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">线之间的压敏电阻器烧坏起火的事故概率较高，多数是属于这一种情况。相应的对策集中在压敏电阻损坏后不起火。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/><br/>6</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、电涌防护器的反应时间？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 有一种观点认为，压敏电阻和其它各种过电压保护器件的响应时间是个重要的指标，希望越小越好，并以它来判断器件的优劣，这是一种误解。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1998</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">年和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">2000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">年先后发表的凉粉关于电涌保护器的重</span> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">要国际技术标准，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">IEC61643-1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">IEC61643-21</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">都没有提及响应时间。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">2000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">年发表的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">IEEE</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">标准</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">C62.62</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">第</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">7.12</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">条款对此作了明确的说明：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"SPD</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">对冲击电压波前的响应特性，依赖于侵入波的上升速率、冲击源阻抗、保护器件内部电抗的作用，以及抑制元件内部导电机理所决定的响应特性。换句话说，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">对波前的响应，除了受抑制元件响应速度的影响外，更多地受包括连结线阻抗在内的试验线路状态的制约。此外，在规定条件下测得的相应电压的峰值，对冲击保护目的而言，才是具有头等重要意义的特征。因此，对于本标准所述器件的典型应用而言，对波前的响应，被认为是一个可能引起误导的且没有必要的技术要求。因此，在没有特殊要求的情况下，对波前响应不规定技术要求，也不进行试验、测量、计算或认证。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 美国</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">GE</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">公司实际测量了压敏电阻抑制冲击电压的过程，得出的结论是压敏电阻在不到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1ns</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的时间内即对冲击电压发生抑制作用，其原因是因为压敏电阻的导电机理与其它半导体器件相类似，所以本质上是很快的，即使在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">ns</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">范围内页看不到明显的响应滞后。在实用中，引线和连结线的电感，完全抹杀了压敏电阻的快速响应。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/>7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、如果有了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">，是否还需要电涌防护器？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的作用是对供电系统突然停电或电压不足提供支持，在突然断电时，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">保护电气和电子系统、处理控制器</span> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">和数据免受部分或全部的损坏。有些</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">带有低能的电涌抑制器。这种内置的低能电涌抑制器只能用来保护和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">相连的负载免受数量有限的弱电涌的袭击，因此，不能作为专门的解决电涌问题的方案。更重要的是：有研究表明</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">设备中的敏感电气控制线路极易受到电涌的破坏。而这些线路经常是监视</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的状态以及</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的交流电源的输入、输出状态的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1884</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">年成立的电气与电子工程师协会（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">IEEE</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">），是世界最大的技术专业团体，曾十分关注</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">可能受到破坏，并在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">IEEE</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">标准</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1100-1992</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">中专门采用了一章</span><chsdate wst="on" year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">9.11.3</span></chsdate><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">电涌防护。其中指出：雷电和其它产生瞬态电压的现象，对大部分</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">设备和敏感的电气负载设备是有害的。因此，建议</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的整流器输入系统和辅助的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">旁路系统（包括人工保养的旁路系统）都应加装</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">IEEEC62.41-1991</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">标准中规定的有效的电涌防护装置。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/><br/>8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、压敏电阻如何串联和配对？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 压敏电阻可以很简单地串联使用。将两只电阻体直径相同（通流量相同）的压敏电阻串联后，漆压敏电压、持续工作电压和限制电压相加，而通流量指标不变。例如在高压电力避雷器中，要求持续工作电压高达数千伏，数万伏，就是将多个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">ZnO</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">压敏电阻阀片迭和起来（串联）而得到的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">压敏电阻可以并联，目的是获得更大的通流量，或者在冲击</span> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">电流峰值一定的条件下减小电阻体中的电流密度，以降低限制电压。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 当要求获得极大的通流量［</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">例如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">8/20</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">，（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">50</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">200</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">KA </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">］，且压敏电压又比较低（例如低于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">200V</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">）时，电阻体的直径</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> / </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">厚度比太大，在制造技术上有困难，且随着电阻体直径的加大，电阻体的微观均匀性变差，因此通流量不可能随电阻体面积成比例地增大。这是用较小直径的电阻片并联可能是个更合理的方法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">由于高非线性，压敏电阻片的并联需要特别小心谨慎，只有经过仔细配对，参数相同的电阻片相并联，才能保证电流在各电阻片之间均匀分配。针对这种需求，本公司专门为用户提供配对的电阻片。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">此外，纵向连结的几个压敏电阻器，使用经过配对的参数一致的压敏电阻器后，当冲击侵入时，出现在横向的电压差可以很小。在这种情况下，配对也是有意义的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/><br/>9</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、压敏电阻如何与气体放电器件的串联和并联？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 压敏电阻可以与气体放电管、空气隙、微放电间隙等气体放电器件相串联（图</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="10.5" unitname="a"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">10.5a</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">），这个串联组合的正常工作要满足两个基本条件：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">①</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、系统电压上限值应低于气体放电器件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">G</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的直流击穿电压；</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">②</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">G</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">点火后在系统电压上限值下，压敏电阻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MY</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">中的电流应小于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">G</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的电弧维持电流，以保证</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">G</span> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的熄弧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">这种串联组合具有电容量小，工作频率高；漏电流极小安全性好；以及不存在压敏电阻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MY</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">在系统电压下老化的问题，因而可靠性高等优点，但同时也有气体放电器件相应慢所引起的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">让通电压</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">问题。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">压敏电阻也可与气体放电管并联，以降低气体放电管的冲击点火电压。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/><br/>10</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、压敏电阻如何再线检测？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 安装在重要场合的压敏电阻器，一般每年检测一次，对于防雷保护用器件，安排在雷雨季节前进行检测，发现劣化的器件及时更换。这样做的目的有两个，一是保证重要系统的正常工作，二是为研究和提高压敏电阻的可靠性提供信息。更好的做法是在压敏电阻的使用现场安装专用纪录仪，记录运行过程中压敏电阻实际承受的冲击电流。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/><br/>11</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、设备一定需要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">三级</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">保护吗？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 假如你只是采用过时的技术，你就一定需要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">三级</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">保护；要是采用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的防护技术，就不一定需要。所有的敏感电气设备的运行都是在严格的电压范围内进行的。超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的高速过电压，对电气设备都非常危险。任何雷电防护措施的目的，都是要把过电压限制在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">以下。单用一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">电</span> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">涌防护器，就可做到这点。而一些较老旧的技术必须使用三级才能把过电压限制到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">以下。在主张三级系统的一个主要制造商的一份手册中，用下面这样一个表说明他的系统是如何工作的：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">第一级</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">第二级</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">第三级</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 6kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">限制到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 4kV </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 4kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">限制到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 2.5kV </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 2.5kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">限制到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 1.5kV<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 换句话讲，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">三级</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">"</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">系统中所使用的这种技术，不能在单级中的将过电压钳制到安全的范围内。即使是使用了三级，他们也只能将过电压钳制到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1.5kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">。一个正确安装的单一的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">电涌防护器，可以负荷</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"> 6kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的过电压并将通过电压降低到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1kV</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">以下，不需其他附加级。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><br/><br/>12</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">、市场上的组合技术电涌防护器（或称作双保险设计）是指什么？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 组合技术产品是指通过将几种技术方法结合在一起使用，从而达到一种通过单一技术所不能取得的效果。目前在电涌防护器市场上常见的两种组合技术产品分别是：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/>a</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">）</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">硒光电池加压敏电阻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 采用这种组合技术的厂商宣称硒光电池可以进一步降低钳制电压，但这仅仅是一种市场宣传手段，因为所有超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">1000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">安的电涌基本上是通过压敏电阻分流掉的。有些厂家宣</span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">称硒光电池可使</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;">MOV </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">停止退降，试验没有证实这种说法</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;"><br/>b</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">）</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">压敏电阻加雪崩二极管</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;">
<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;"> 和硒光电池一样，雪崩二极管处理电涌的能力十分有限。当电涌很大时，只有压敏电阻才真正起到作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;">10,000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">只雪崩二级管处理电涌的能力仅相当于一只</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="40" unitname="mm"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;">40mm</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">压敏电阻的处理能力。由于这些组合技术所能起到的保护作用微乎其微，所以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma;">MCG</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;">的电源线电涌防护器从来不采用它。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt;"><p></p></span></p>
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